Gezonde lucht, gezond huis Een initiatief van leden van de gemeenteraad van Diemen

Bronnen

Alle bronnen achter de infographic en de gids. Gecontroleerd op 15 september 2026.

Gezondheid: slaap

  • Strøm-Tejsen P et al. (2016). The effects of bedroom air quality on sleep and next-day performance. Indoor Air 26(5):679–686. doi:10.1111/ina.12254
  • Fan X et al. (2023). A single-blind field intervention study of whether increased bedroom ventilation improves sleep quality. Science of the Total Environment 884:163805. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163805
  • Kang M et al. (2024). Ventilation causing an average CO2 concentration of 1,000 ppm negatively affects sleep: a field-lab study on healthy young people. Building and Environment 249:111118. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.111118
  • Akimoto M et al. (2025). New research on bedroom ventilation and sleep quality suggests that building standards should be revisited (ASHRAE 1837-RP). Science and Technology for the Built Environment 31(8):905–916. doi:10.1080/23744731.2025.2531317
  • Palmer CA et al. (2024). Sleep loss and emotion: a systematic review and meta-analysis of over 50 years of experimental research. Psychological Bulletin 150(4):440–463. doi:10.1037/bul0000410

Gezondheid: concentratie, hoofdpijn, slecht geventileerde ruimtes

  • Satish U et al. (2012). Is CO2 an indoor pollutant? Direct effects of low-to-moderate CO2 concentrations on human decision-making performance. Environmental Health Perspectives 120(12):1671–1677. doi:10.1289/ehp.1104789
  • Allen JG et al. (2016). Associations of cognitive function scores with carbon dioxide, ventilation, and volatile organic compound exposures in office workers: a controlled exposure study of green and conventional office environments. Environmental Health Perspectives 124(6):805–812. doi:10.1289/ehp.1510037
  • Scully RR et al. (2019). Effects of acute exposures to carbon dioxide on decision making and cognition in astronaut-like subjects. npj Microgravity 5:17. doi:10.1038/s41526-019-0071-6
  • Rodeheffer CD et al. (2018). Acute exposure to low-to-moderate carbon dioxide levels and submariner decision making. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 89(6):520–525. doi:10.3357/AMHP.5010.2018
  • Zhang X et al. (2017). Effects of exposure to carbon dioxide and bioeffluents on perceived air quality, self-assessed acute health symptoms, and cognitive performance. Indoor Air 27(1):47–64. doi:10.1111/ina.12284
  • Zhang X et al. (2016). Human responses to carbon dioxide, a follow-up study at recommended exposure limits in non-industrial environments. Building and Environment 100:162–171. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.02.014
  • Chen D et al. (2023). Effects of short-term exposure to moderate pure carbon dioxide levels on cognitive performance, health symptoms and perceived indoor environment quality. Building and Environment 245:110967. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110967
  • Fan Y et al. (2023). Short-term exposure to indoor carbon dioxide and cognitive task performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Building and Environment 237:110331. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110331
  • Norbäck D et al. (2013). Carbon dioxide (CO2) demand-controlled ventilation in university computer classrooms and possible effects on headache, fatigue and perceived indoor environment: an intervention study. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 86(2):199–209. doi:10.1007/s00420-012-0756-6
  • Gunnarsen L, Fanger PO (1992). Adaptation to indoor air pollution. Environment International 18(1):43–54. doi:10.1016/0160-4120(92)90209-M

Scholen

  • Fisk WJ (2017). The ventilation problem in schools: literature review. Indoor Air 27(6):1039–1051. doi:10.1111/ina.12403
  • Haverinen-Shaughnessy U et al. (2011). Association between substandard classroom ventilation rates and students' academic achievement. Indoor Air 21(2):121–131. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00686.x
  • Wargocki P et al. (2020). The relationships between classroom air quality and children's performance in school. Building and Environment 173:106749. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.106749

CO₂ als maat voor ventilatie; giftige niveaus

Nederland: advies, regels, cijfers

Buitenland

Meten

Wat helpt en wat niet

Waarom juist nu (A5-blad)

Meer informatie

Terug naar de startpagina

Healthy air, healthy home An initiative of members of the Diemen city council

Sources

Every source behind the infographic and the booklet. Checked on 15 September 2026.

Health: sleep

  • Strøm-Tejsen P et al. (2016). The effects of bedroom air quality on sleep and next-day performance. Indoor Air 26(5):679–686. doi:10.1111/ina.12254
  • Fan X et al. (2023). A single-blind field intervention study of whether increased bedroom ventilation improves sleep quality. Science of the Total Environment 884:163805. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163805
  • Kang M et al. (2024). Ventilation causing an average CO2 concentration of 1,000 ppm negatively affects sleep: a field-lab study on healthy young people. Building and Environment 249:111118. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.111118
  • Akimoto M et al. (2025). New research on bedroom ventilation and sleep quality suggests that building standards should be revisited (ASHRAE 1837-RP). Science and Technology for the Built Environment 31(8):905–916. doi:10.1080/23744731.2025.2531317
  • Palmer CA et al. (2024). Sleep loss and emotion: a systematic review and meta-analysis of over 50 years of experimental research. Psychological Bulletin 150(4):440–463. doi:10.1037/bul0000410

Health: cognition, headache, stuffy rooms

  • Satish U et al. (2012). Is CO2 an indoor pollutant? Direct effects of low-to-moderate CO2 concentrations on human decision-making performance. Environmental Health Perspectives 120(12):1671–1677. doi:10.1289/ehp.1104789
  • Allen JG et al. (2016). Associations of cognitive function scores with carbon dioxide, ventilation, and volatile organic compound exposures in office workers: a controlled exposure study of green and conventional office environments. Environmental Health Perspectives 124(6):805–812. doi:10.1289/ehp.1510037
  • Scully RR et al. (2019). Effects of acute exposures to carbon dioxide on decision making and cognition in astronaut-like subjects. npj Microgravity 5:17. doi:10.1038/s41526-019-0071-6
  • Rodeheffer CD et al. (2018). Acute exposure to low-to-moderate carbon dioxide levels and submariner decision making. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 89(6):520–525. doi:10.3357/AMHP.5010.2018
  • Zhang X et al. (2017). Effects of exposure to carbon dioxide and bioeffluents on perceived air quality, self-assessed acute health symptoms, and cognitive performance. Indoor Air 27(1):47–64. doi:10.1111/ina.12284
  • Zhang X et al. (2016). Human responses to carbon dioxide, a follow-up study at recommended exposure limits in non-industrial environments. Building and Environment 100:162–171. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.02.014
  • Chen D et al. (2023). Effects of short-term exposure to moderate pure carbon dioxide levels on cognitive performance, health symptoms and perceived indoor environment quality. Building and Environment 245:110967. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110967
  • Fan Y et al. (2023). Short-term exposure to indoor carbon dioxide and cognitive task performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Building and Environment 237:110331. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110331
  • Norbäck D et al. (2013). Carbon dioxide (CO2) demand-controlled ventilation in university computer classrooms and possible effects on headache, fatigue and perceived indoor environment: an intervention study. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 86(2):199–209. doi:10.1007/s00420-012-0756-6
  • Gunnarsen L, Fanger PO (1992). Adaptation to indoor air pollution. Environment International 18(1):43–54. doi:10.1016/0160-4120(92)90209-M

Schools

  • Fisk WJ (2017). The ventilation problem in schools: literature review. Indoor Air 27(6):1039–1051. doi:10.1111/ina.12403
  • Haverinen-Shaughnessy U et al. (2011). Association between substandard classroom ventilation rates and students' academic achievement. Indoor Air 21(2):121–131. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00686.x
  • Wargocki P et al. (2020). The relationships between classroom air quality and children's performance in school. Building and Environment 173:106749. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.106749

CO₂ as a ventilation indicator; toxic levels

Netherlands: guidance, rules, data

Abroad

Measuring

What helps and what doesn't

Why now (A5 sheet)

More information (booklet p8)

Back to the start page